美国的科技博物馆和科学教育

Science Museums and Science Education in USA

中文关键词: 科学，博物馆，教育

英文关键词: science  museum  education

中文摘要:

      科学博物馆在20世纪已经历了巨大变化，其功能明显地从收藏研究转移到科学教育。美国科技博物馆的功能，特别是在教育功能方面的发展变化，给予我们许多启示：(1)要将科技博物馆当作科学教育的基础设施来建设；(2)要加强科技博物馆教育功能的开发；(3)科技博物馆中的非正规学习经验可作为科学教育改革的借鉴。

英文摘要:

      Science museums and science centers have undergone great change over the past century．With few exceptions，there has been a pronounced shift during this period from collections and research towards education．The development of the function，especially the educational function of the science museum in USA，which indicates：1．Science museum should be treated as the infrastructure construction for scientific education；2．To strengthen the development of the educational function of the science museum；3．The informal education in the science museum can be treated as the reference for educational reform in the school．