生活科学与公民科学素质建设

Living Science and Public Scientific Literacy Construction

中文关键词: 生活科学，公民科学素质，学院科学，后学院科学

英文关键词: living science  public literacy  academic science  post-academic science

中文摘要:

       以国内外的实证调研结果为基本依据，结合中国公民科学素质现状的考察和国际比较，提出了“生活科学”的概念，并探讨其主要特征，概括为五个方面：与生活基本需求密切相关；将实用工具性置于优先位置；突出感性和直观的作用；与社会科学紧密结合；与文化传统底蕴有内在联系。如果说科学是日常经验及思维的精致化，那么从侧重于常识的“生活科学”走进更为学术的“学院科学”就成为理解科学的一条道路。这启示我们，公民科学素质建设，不仅要重视“学院科学” (R．K．默顿，UCDOS)，同时需要结合现实及生活需要的“后学院科学”(J．齐曼，PLACE)和“生活科学”(BISSC)进行科普，从而全面引导公众理解科学、运用科学。

英文摘要:

      Based on review of current situation of public scientific literacy in China and international comparative studies，the paper puts forward the concept of“living science”and analyses the main characteristics of it: tightly connected with basic living demand；puts instrumental and practical result in the priority；gives importance to sensibility and perception；integrated with social knowledge；has inherent connection with cultural tradition deposition．If we can say that science is the refinement of everyday experience and thinking，then it’s an essential way for public understanding of science to approach scholarly “academic science” from “living science” which emphasizes particularly on common sense．Moreover， it gives us an important imply：We need the“academic science” (R．K．Merton，UCDOS)together with“post-academic science” (J.Ziman，PLACE)as well as“living science” (BISSC) to conduct the public understanding and using of science roundly．