中国科普如何能够以争论的方式进行——以社会生物学争论为研究案例

How Can Chinese Science Popularization Developed with Debates:Taking Answered by the Study of Sociobiology Debates as an Example

中文关键词: 科普在地化，科普本土化，科普争论，民间科普，利他主义

英文关键词: local science popularization  science popularization debates  altruism

中文摘要:

      社会生物学在提出之后，便引起了国际范围内的争论，然而中国与一些东亚国家在这场争论中始终处于缺场和失语状态。经过历史的梳理，我们发现，社会生物学争论只是19世纪西方进化论争论的现代体现，是西方文明内部发展的必然结果，中西文化的差异、历史背景的不同和人们日常生活的区别，都使得社会生物学争论不会在中国发生。然而，健康的、良性的科普过程理应发生争论，有争论的科普工作能够起到事半功倍的效果。这就向中国的科普在地化的任务再次提出呼求，中国的科普需要与中国的实际相结合，在多元文化的当下中国，可以借鉴和吸收西方的科普争论的诸多成果，但必须是以结合我国国情为基础。我们建议开展利他主义大讨论、加强传统工艺的科普工作、关注时代热点的科普宣传和加强本土科普作家的培育。

英文摘要:

      Just after the foundation of Sociobiology，there emerged a series of lasting sociobiology debates in world academic circles. But Chinese academic circle kept silence for this quarrel all the time. From the historical background，we know that the sociobiology debate was just a new form of evolutionary debates in 19th century，an inevitable result of the development of western culture. The differences in culture，history backgrounds，and daily lives among China and western country lead to the fact that western academic debates cannot occur in China. However，since a well model of science popularization should have debates，Chinese science popularization workers need to put force the localization of science spread，with which combined the national conditions，pluralistic culture，traditional arts，and popular issues. We should support the development of local science writer，as well.