中美科普展览评估比较研究

A Comparative Study on the Evaluation of Science &Technology Exhibitions in China and America

中文关键词: 科普展览,评估,比较研究

英文关键词: science &technology exhibition  evaluation  comparative study

中文摘要:

      评估是检验科普展览功能与价值实现程度的重要工具。本研究通过梳理、分析中美两国科普展览评估的发展历程与制度要求等现状，对比发现：美国的科普展览评估兴起于20世纪初，经百年发展已形成系统规范、制度化、注重量化的三段式评估体系，对科普展览评估的要求业已制度化；中国到20世纪80年代才开始关注展览评估，二十余年来的观众研究和评估实践较为有限，尚未建立长效的展览评估机制。两国的科普展览评估实践在类型、主体、内容、方法等方面也存在较大差异。

英文摘要:

      Evaluation plays an important role in measuring science & technology exhibitions’ function and value. After analyzing and comparing the development course and current situation of evaluation of science & technology exhibitions both in America and China，some differences have been found. Firstly，evaluation of science & technology exhibitions in America emerged in the beginning of the 20th century，and has formed a quantitative-focused evaluation system including front-end， formative，remedial，and summative evaluation so far. While Chinese researchers had not paid attention to the evaluation of science & technology exhibition until the 1980s，thus carrying out visitor studies and evaluation practices far less than American works. Secondly，there are institutional demands of evaluation for government-funded science & technology exhibitions，yet Chinese government has no such requirements. Thirdly，evaluation practices of science & technology exhibition in America and China vary in type，evaluator，content and tools.