论个人意涵图在科学类博物馆评估中的运用

A Research on the Utilization of Personal Meaning Mapping in theAssessment in Science Museums

中文关键词: 科学博物馆 非正规学习评估 个人意涵图

英文关键词: science museums  non-formal learning  assessment  Personal Meaning Mapping

中文摘要:

      个人意涵图（Personal Meaning Mapping，PMM） 是一种针对博物馆设计的评估方法，用于评估博物馆学习 经历对个人产生的影响与结果。与传统评估方法不同的是，个人意涵图没有“标准答案”，且可以多维度评价学习 者在科学素质中的学习成果，因此非常适用于诸如科学类博物馆的自由选择式学习环境下的评估。目前，个人意涵 图的应用与研究还处于起步阶段，在我国还未得到充分重视。本文介绍了个人意涵图的基本概念、应用方法与应用 优势，并基于在上海科技馆临展《猿猴传奇》的实证研究，阐述个人意涵图在科学类博物馆评估中的意义。

英文摘要:

      Personal Meaning Mapping （PMM） is a method of assessment proposed for museums，which is used to evaluate the process of how learning experience in museum takes effect on one’s understanding of the actual event. Unlike the traditional assessment methods，PMM focuses on the process and course of learning rather than“the right answer”fromrespondents，and can measure outcomes on scientific literacy in multi-dimensions. Therefore PMM is very suitable for the assessment in free-choice learning environment such as science museums. Nowadays，PMM is in its infancy and still has not attracted enough attendance especially in China. The paper will introduce the basic concept， application method and advantage of PMM，and analyze the application prospect of PMM on the basis of empirical research.