科学家后备队伍科学本质观现状研究 ———以中国科学院大学为例

A Study of an Understanding of the Nature of Science of the Reserve Forces of Scientists:Taking the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences as an Example

中文关键词: 科学家后备队伍 科学本质观 中国科学院大学

英文关键词: reserve forces of scientists  nature of science  university of chinese academy of sciences

中文摘要:

      本文采用问卷调查法研究了科学家后备队伍的科学本质观现状。主要运用自编的科学本质观测量工具，对中 国科学院大学的本科生、研究生进行了调查。结果表明：被试对科学本质问题有一定的理解，但不够理想，还有相当 一部分学生对科学本质的理解停留在逻辑实证主义科学观层面，对科学的认知存在唯科学主义色彩，对科学研究职业 道德认知不足。其中不同学科门类、拥有不同工作经历的被试对于科学本质的认知存在显著差异。在此基础上，本文 分析出对被试科学本质观的可能影响因素：传统的科学教育、媒体的科学传播以及相关课程的开设与学习。

英文摘要:

      In this paper，a questionnaire survey is used to study the understanding of the nature of science. This research mainly uses the scientific nature measurement scale made by oneself，and has made a survey on the undergraduate and graduate students of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. The results show that the subjects have some understanding of the nature of science，but not ideal. There are quite a number of students who understand the nature of science from the logical positivism view. The students are permeated with scientism thoughts when it comes to understanding science. The students lack a knowledge of scientific professional ethics. Differences in gender，grade，subject categories， and work experience have significant differences in the cognition of the essence of science. On the basis of this，this paper analyzes the possible influencing factors of the present situation of the scientific nature of the subjects： the traditional science education，the science communication of the media and the study of the related courses.