萨根效应影响下的科普教育困局与对策

The Dilemma and Countermeasures for Public Science Educationunder the Influence of Sagan Effect

中文关键词: 萨根效应 科普教育 科研评价

英文关键词: Sagan Effect  public science education  evaluation of research achievement

中文摘要:

      萨根效应是指科学家因为科普影响力太大，其科研业绩难以得到公平评价的现象。本文首先从科学家 形象、嫉妒心理以及科研业绩评价等三个层面归纳萨根效应产生的原因。其次，通过案例分析、文献分析等方 法归纳萨根效应对科普教育产生的影响。最后，本文从改变科研业绩评价、改变资助评审制度、鼓励公民科研 项目、利用新型社交媒体、重建科研业绩指标体系、培育明星科学家等六个维度提出应对萨根效应的对策。

英文摘要:

      Sagan Effect refers to the dilemma in which the research achievements made by a scientist is underestimated due to his great influence on public science education. This paper firstly analyzes the causes of Sagan Effect from three perspectives：the image of scientists，jealousy，and evaluation of research achievement. Secondly, by resorting to case studies and literature review，it summarizes the influence of Sagan Effect on public science education. Last but not the least，this paper puts forward the solution to the Sagan Effect dilemma from six aspects：changing the way of evaluating research achievement，changing the research grant system， encouraging citizen science projects，using new social media，reconstructing research achievement index system and nurturing celebrity scientists.