中国现代科学家传记写作的困境与前途

The Dilemmas and Prospectsof Biographies of Scientists in Modern China

中文关键词: 中国现代科学家 科学家传记 人物传记 传记写作

英文关键词: scientists in modern China  biographies of scientists  biographies  biographies writing

中文摘要:

      由于人物传记作品本身所包含的真实性与戏剧性的冲突，现代自然科学与人文社会分途发展形成的 学科隔阂，以及科学家传记所承载的科学普及、历史研究、意识形态宣传等目标的内在紧张，中国现代科学 家传记写作面临多重困境。现代科学家传记写作要在科学与故事、历史与文学之间取得兼顾与平衡，需要科 学家与写作者的紧密合作，科技史研究者在其中负有重要与关键的责任。现代科学家传记要发展出较为完善 的写作技术，成为一个比较成熟的传记种类，发挥多方面的价值与影响力，在根本上有赖于国民科学文化素 质的普遍提升。

英文摘要:

      Biographies of scientists of modern China are encountering multiple dilemmas largely due to the conflicts between realities and dramas of biographical literature，the differences between natural science and humanities and social science，and the checks and balances of scientific popularization，historical research， ideological propaganda and the like. This paper analyzes the afore-mentioned multiple dilemmas. Biographies of scientists of modern China can combine science with drama，history and literature only when scientists and biography authors have good cooperation. Researchers of history of science and technology bear important responsibility in this process. Moreover，the development and improvement of biographies of scientists of modern China hinges on the enhancement of scientific literacy of all citizens in China.