英国、美国、加拿大博物馆评估近期实践及启示

A Study on Museum Evaluation in UK，USA，and Canada and its Implications

中文关键词: 英国 美国 加拿大 博物馆 评估

英文关键词: UK  USA  Canada  museum  evaluation

中文摘要:

      以英国、美国、加拿大为例，调查了近年来三国公共部门资助机构对本国博物馆开展的五项评估实践， 从评估目标、评估主题、评估指标、评估标准、评估主体、评估对象、评估流程以及评估方法等角度，对各案 例进行了深入剖析。研究显示：公共部门在评估工作中承担牵头组织功能；评估内容覆盖面广但并未形成标准 范式；评估模式普遍采用在多方参与基础上的独立评估；评估方法以基于证据的专家判定法为主；评估周期根 据评估目标和评估规模进行适应性调整。基于上述判断，提出了对我国科学技术类博物馆评估工作的组织、实 施、模式与方法的相关启示。

英文摘要:

      This paper takes five cases as the study object，and explores museum evaluation respectively in UK，USA，and Canada，involving objectives，themes, indicators，criteria，evaluators，objects，procedures，and methodology. The empirical evidence of the study shows that public organizations and bodies take a lead in organizing evaluations；The subjects of evaluation are broad，yet without unified standards；Evaluations generally are independent with multi-stakeholder participation；Methodology for evaluation is evidence-based expert judgment；and evaluation cycles are varied according to the objectives and the scales of evaluations. Based on those judgments, the paper tries to propose suggestions for conducting science and technology museum evaluation in China.