自然博物馆中学习单对亲子参观对话的影响

The Effect of Worksheets on Family Learning Talk at Natural HistoryMuseum

中文关键词: 自然博物馆 学习单 亲子对话 情境学习模型

英文关键词: natural history museum  worksheet  family learning talk  contextual model of learning

中文摘要:

      学习单是辅助观众参观科普场馆的中介工具。本文以上海自然博物馆体验自然展区为例，基于情境 学习模型对展区配套的学习单进行分析、评估和再设计，通过对比实验研究学习单对亲子参观对话的影响。 结果表明，在有别于传统静态标本展的活体动物展区中：（1）不使用学习单的亲子家庭能够利用先前知识和 生活经验密切展开互动，但对话过程缺乏自信。（2）使用缺乏（或违背）情境学习模型要素的学习单将会减 少亲子家庭的参观时间和各类型对话数量。（3）使用具备情境学习模型要素的学习单有助于亲子家庭更自信、 更合理地从多个角度构建对展品的认识。自然博物馆可增设活体动物展区以丰富展览形式，并可参照情境学 习模型设计和使用学习单。

英文摘要:

      Worksheet is an important learning intervention tool in science education institutes. By carrying out a research in the Nature Exhibition Area at Shanghai Natural History Museum，this study applied the contextual model of learning to analyze，evaluate and redesign worksheets of the exhibition. The research team then conducted the quasi-experiment，which was intended to capture the effect of 3 worksheets on family learning in museum setting. The results show that in the alive animal exhibition：（1）Families without worksheet can proactivly use prior knowledge and life experience to interact closely，but they lacked self-confidence in their own conclusion.（2）Using worksheet that is against the model reduced the family visit time and the number of all types of learning talk.（3）Using worksheets that embody the model helped families to confidently build a more reasonable understanding of the exhibits from multiple perspectives. The natural history museum can display terrarium of alive animals to enrich the exhibition. Contextual model of learning is proved to be an effective model to guide the design and using process of worksheet.