青少年科学论证能力及培养策略思考

Thinking on Teenagers’Scientific Argumentation Ability and ItsTraining Strategies

中文关键词: 科学论证能力 科学素质 培养策略

英文关键词: scientific argumentation ability  scientific literacy  training strategies

中文摘要:

      科学论证是当前科学教育发展关注的重要内容，提升青少年的科学论证能力对于切实提升青少年科 学素养具有独特价值。培养青少年的科学论证能力，需要在科学教育中增强青少年对科学论证基本结构要素 的理解，有目的地指向青少年运用推理组织证据并建构观点，识别科学论证的薄弱点并合理反驳的能力。培 养青少年科学论证能力的教学策略主要表现为营造良好的科学论证环境、精心设计科学论证教学内容、合理 使用科学论证教学模型、有效利用科学论证教学支架、灵活运用科学论证的评价标准。

英文摘要:

      Scientific argumentation is an important part of the current development of science education. Enhancing teenagers’scientific argumentation ability plays an important role in enhancing their scientific literacy. In order to improve teenagers’ability of scientific argumentation，it is necessary to enhance their understanding of the basic structural elements of scientific argumentation，and purposely direct them to the ability to organize evidence and construct opinions by reasoning，identify weak points of scientific argumentation and reasonably refute them. The teaching strategies of cultivating teenagers’scientific argumentation ability mainly include creating a good environment for scientific argumentation，elaborately designing the teaching content of scientific argumentation，reasonably using the teaching model of scientific argumentation，making effective use of the teaching support of scientific argumentation，and flexibly applying the evaluation criteria of scientific argumentation.