疫情谣言的内容特征及其策略分析 ——基于新浪“新型冠状病毒疫情谣言榜”的考察

The Characteristics and Strategies of the Content Production ofEpidemic Rumors: Based on the Investigation of the “COVID-19Epidemic Rumor List” Produced by Sina

中文关键词: 公共卫生事件　疫情谣言　谣言特征　谣言策略　谣言规避

英文关键词: public health incidents  epidemic rumors  characteristics of rumors  rumors dissemination strategies  rumors countermeasures

中文摘要:

      以新浪新闻和捉谣记联合推出的“新型冠状病毒疫情谣言榜”中的174 则疫情谣言为研究对象，基于内容类型、焦点对象、佐证手段等6 个分析类目，对谣言文本进行分析。研究发现，疫情谣言多为“传染”类话题，话语聚焦普通公众，以一到两种佐证方式和诉求表达为主，叙述式最为常见，恐惧情绪浓厚， 在此基础上总结其文本策略：利用疫情痛点衍生话题，披上真相外衣迷惑受众，偏好夸张、极化的话语风格等，最后提出了相应的消解建议。

英文摘要:

      In this study, 174 epidemic rumors from the list of epidemic rumors from Sina News and Catch Rumors column were used as the research object, and the rumor text was analyzed based on six analysis categories including content type, focus object, corroboration method, and so on. The study found that epidemic rumors are mostly “contagion” topics, which focus on the general public. Rumor texts are mainly expressed in one or two supporting ways and appeals. Narrative is the most common, with strong fear in the texts. On the basis of the above research, this paper summarizes the text strategies of rumor: they concoct topics based on the pain points of the epidemic, disguise facts to confuse the audience, and prefer exaggerated and polarized discourse styles. Finally, some suggestions are put forward.