我国教师科学素质的现状、差异分析及对策——基于第十二次中国公民科学素质抽样调查的实证研究

The Present Situation，Difference Analysis and Countermeasure of Scientific Literacy of Chinese Teachers：An Empirical Study Based on the 12th National Civic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey

中文关键词: 教师 科学素质 科学态度 科学教育

英文关键词: teacher  scientific literacy  attitudes towards science  science education

中文摘要:

      通过对第十二次中国公民科学素质抽样调查中教师样本的科学素质及其科学态度等情况进行分析发现，教师群体的科学素质水平明显高于普通公民，科学知识、科学方法、科学思想与精神、解决问题的能力等维度得分均普遍高于普通公民；不同学历、不同任教学段、不同学科门类的教师科学素质有较大差异，本科及以上学历、高等院校教师及自然科学类教师科学素质水平较高。教师人群普遍具有积极的科学态度，对科技类信息非常感兴趣，主要通过互联网、电视、图书、期刊获取各类科技信息。基于此，本研究提出高度重视教师科学素质提升；构建系统的教师科学素质建设体系，创设有效的教师科学素质提升和发展路径；重点关注小学和幼儿园教师科学素质水平的提升；注重中部和西部地区教师科学素质水平的提升；加强教师科学素质研究，深入挖掘影响教师科学素质提升的关键因素，促进教师科学素质水平提升等建议。

英文摘要:

      Through analyzing the scientific literacy and attitude towards science of the teacher sample in the 12th National Civic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey，it was found that the scientific literacy level of the teacher group is significantly higher than that of ordinary citizens，with scores generally higher in dimensions such as scientific knowledge，scientific methods，scientific thinking and spirit， and the ability of applied science than ordinary citizens；the scientific literacy level of teachers with different educational background，teaching period and subject categories are comparatively different， with higher level of scientific literacy in the teachers with bachelor’s degree or above，teachers in colleges and universities and natural science teachers. The teacher group has a positive scientific attitude and is infinitely interested in scientific and technological information，mainly through the Internet， television，books and journals to obtain scientific information. Based on this analysis，the following suggestions are given：attaching great importance to the promotion of teachers’scientific literacy； constructing a systematic system for building teachers’scientific literacy and create effective paths for the improvement and development of the teachers’scientific literacy；focusing on the improvement of scientific literacy of teachers in primary school and kindergarten；emphasizing the improvement of scientific literacy of teachers in central and western regions；strengthening the research on teachers’scientific quality，conducting in-depth research on the key factors affecting the improvement of teachers’scientific literacy，promoting the improvement of teachers’scientific literacy and so on.