我国产业工人科学素质的现状和提升对策——基于第十二次中国公民科学素质抽样调查的实证研究

The Current Status and Improving Prospects of Scientific Literacy of Chinese Industrial Workers：An Empirical StudyBased on the 12th National Civic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey

中文关键词: 产业工人 科学素质 态度 兴趣

英文关键词: industrial workers  scientific literacy  attitude  interest

中文摘要:

      高素质劳动者大军是实现科技成果快速转化的人力资本。为了解我国产业工人的科学素质现状，本研究依托第十二次中国公民科学素质抽样调查，对产业工人的科学素质及相关因素进行分析。结果发现，产业工人的科学素质水平高于全国总体水平，城乡存在差异，其科学素质随受教育程度的提高呈阶梯式骤升，随年龄的增长呈下降趋势；产业工人对科技的兴趣和态度较为积极，具备科学素质的产业工人对科技的态度更积极，获取科技信息的内部动机更高，通过网络获取科技信息的搜索行为更主动。在产业工人科学素质提升行动中，建议倾斜配置优质、多样化的教育资源，破解科学素质不平衡问题；建议全面推广职业技能培训，着力推动以赛促学提素质；建议涵养精神内核留住青年产业工人，智慧科普推动科学素质建设。

英文摘要:

      The high-quality workers are the human capital which enables the rapid transformation of scientific and technological achievements. To understand the current scientific literacy of industrial workers of China，this study relied on the 12th National Civic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey to analyze the scientific literacy and related factors of industrial workers. The results showed that the scientific literacy of industrial workers was higher than the overall national level，and there were differences between urban and rural areas. The scientific literacy increased sharply with the improvement of education and decreased with age；Industrial workers have a basic positive interest and attitude towards science and technology. The workers with high scientific literacy had a more positive attitude to support science and technology，a higher internal motivation to obtain scientific and technological information，and a more proactive search behavior to obtain scientific and technological information by the Internet. To enhance the scientific literacy of industrial workers，it was recommended to tilt the allocation of high-quality and diversified educational resources to solve the problem of imbalanced science literacy；to promote comprehensively vocational skills training，with a focus on competition to promote skill-learning；to promote the construction of scientific literacy through smart scientific popularization，and to advance science popularization and industrial information go hand in hand.