创新农业科技推广模式：科学资本视角下科技特派员制度解析——以南平市菌草业的科技特派员实践为例

An Innovative Model of Agricultural Technology Transfer：A Case Study of the Technical Envoy System from the Perspective of Science Capital

中文关键词: 科技特派员 农业科技推广 创新 科学普及 科学资本

英文关键词: technical envoy  agricultural technology transfer  innovation  science popularization  science capital

中文摘要:

      传统的技术计划供给与市场导向的农户技术需求难以耦合，是制约我国农业技术推广体系发展的瓶颈。科技特派员制度由我国首创的农业技术推广模式应运而生，该制度横跨产学研、联合农科教，在联结多元主体的同时，巧妙结合计划与市场机制。本文将结合在福建省南平市实地调研的经验，引入“科学资本”概念以对该模式的产生背景、运转现状和奏效原理进行深度剖析。研究认为，“有为政府”和“有效市场”刺激了科学资本在科技特派员人才群体以及农业科技推广整体网络间的生成与流动，最终通过资本的自我增强和再生产，提增了科学普及和农业生产的整体效益。对此，建议继续加大对科技特派员制度的财政扶持力度，同时广泛吸纳不同专业的人才，主动拉近与基层农户的距离，形成更稳固的农业技术推广服务网络，以此实现“线通、网密、人聚”的重大成果。

英文摘要:

      The conflict between traditional technology supply and farmers’market-oriented demand was a significant obstacle that hindered the efficiency of China’s agricultural technology transfer system. The technical envoy system，an innovative agricultural technology transfer model initially developed in South China，offers a promising solution. The cornerstone of this system is the integration of governmental，industrial，technological，and market resources，which centered around technical envoys. This integration balances planned and market-based economic mechanisms while also taking into account the diverse interests of multiple stakeholders. In this article，by adopting the concept of science capital as our key analytical tool，we conducted an in-depth case study on the context，operation，and underlying mechanisms that contribute to the efficiency of this model. The paper found that a proactive government and an efficient market stimulate the generation and flow of science capital，ultimately enhancing the overall efficiency of the agricultural production system via the self-amplification and reproduction of capital. It is suggested that we should continue to enhance financial support for technical envoy system and effectively attract talents of different majors to close the distance with farmers at the grassroots level. By forming a more solid agricultural technology expansion network，we can achieve significant results in“line connection，dense network，and people gathering.”