李大钊科学观的基本内涵及当代启示

Basic Connotations of Li Dazhao’s View of Science and Its Contemporary Implications

中文关键词: 李大钊 科学观 科学精神 科学方法

英文关键词: Li Dazhao  view of science  scientific spirit  scientific method

中文摘要:

      建党先驱皆注重科学对社会的启蒙与改造作用。李大钊作为中国最早的马克思主义者，其科学观有独特意涵。本文秉持历史语境主义的方法论，尝试回到五四新文化运动的场域，在爬梳史料的基础上进行归纳阐释，发现较之同辈群体，李大钊秉持一种能动的唯物史观，以对科学精神的信仰作为行动基础，在辩证唯物论立场上倡导科学方法，并且他不止于观念认同，还用行动践履，其科学观具有知行合一的特 征。他将科学观作为认识论与方法论来崇尚，并将之运用于学术研究和现实生活，提倡唯物立场的历史观和奋发有为的人生观，同时也未陷入唯科学主义迷思。这一观念增进了我们对科学理性精神的理解，为当下推进中国式现代化提供启示：在理念上需要重视培育和倡导科学精神、建设求真务实的风气；在实践中需要积极开展兼具问题意识与情感关怀的调查研究。

英文摘要:

      The pioneers of the Communist Party of China emphasized the role of science in enlightening and transforming society. As one of the earliest Marxists in China，Li Dazhao had a unique perspective on science. This paper adopts a historical contextualist methodology，attempting to return to the context of the May Fourth New Culture Movement. Based on the examination of historical materials，it is found that，compared with his contemporaries，Li Dazhao adhered to active historical materialism. He based his actions on a belief in the spirit of science，advocated scientific methods from a dialectical materialist standpoint，and practiced a unity of knowledge and action. He revered the view of science as both epistemology and methodology，applying it to academic research and practical life. He promoted a materialistic view of history and an enterprising outlook on life without falling into the trap of scientism. This perspective enhances our understanding of the spirit of scientific rationality and provides contemporary insights for promoting Chinese-style modernization，emphasizing the cultivation and advocacy of scientific spirit and a pragmatic ethos in ideology and actively conducting research with both problem awareness and emotional care in practice.