公众科学视角下基础科学研究过程风险及治理——以 LK-99 室温超导事件为例

Risk and Governance of Basic Science Research Process from thePerspective of Citizen Science：A Case Study of LK-99 RoomTemperature Superconductivity Event

中文关键词: 公众科学 基础科学研究 过程风险 风险社会

英文关键词: citizen science  basic scientific research  process risk  risk society

中文摘要:

      党的二十大报告提出：“加强基础研究，突出原创，鼓励自由探索。”这一论述突出了新时期我国 科学建设中基础科学研究的重要作用，然而现阶段基础科学研究并不仅仅面临着传统问题，还因社会性因 素的嵌入而爆发出向基础科学研究过程、环节传导的社会化风险。本文以 LK-99 室温超导事件为典型案例， 从艾伦·欧文的公众科学视角出发，剖析基础科学研究过程风险。本文认为，需要从公众视角再构基础科 学研究与公众的关系，重塑科学传播模式新格局，解读公众风险感知新方式，从中总结出科学与公众的关 系和第二现代性不相契合的原因，并且进行关系重构，再造“科学公众”身份，以此来推动开放型科学与 知识强健型社会的建立，提高对基础科学研究过程风险的应对能力，为我国基础科学研究及科学传播的发 展保驾护航。

英文摘要:

      The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes to strengthen basic research，highlight originality，and encourage free exploration. This discourse highlights the important role of basic scientific research in China’s scientific construction in the new era. However，at this stage，basic scientific research is not only facing traditional problems but also experiencing secondary scientific risks transmitted to the process of basic scientific research due to the embedding of social factors. Based on this，this article takes the LK-99 room temperature superconductivity event as a typical case and analyzes the risks in the process of basic science research from the perspective of public science by Alan Irving. It is believed that it is necessary to reconstruct the relationship between basic science research and the public from a public perspective，reshape the new pattern of scientific communication，interpret new ways of public risk perception，summarize the reasons why science and public relations do not match with second modernity，and reconstruct the relationship to rebuild the identity of“scientific citizen.”This will promote the establishment of an open science and knowledge-robust society，promote effective governance of process risks in basic science research，and safeguard the development of basic science research and its scientific communication in China.