生成式人工智能赋能科学普及：技术机遇、伦理风险与应对策略

Empowering Science Popularization through Generative Artificial Intelligence：Technological Opportunities，Ethical Risks， and Response Strategies

中文关键词: 生成式人工智能 科学普及 技术机遇 伦理风险

英文关键词: generative AI  science popularization  technological opportunities  ethical risks

中文摘要:

      生成式人工智能有望极大地赋能科学普及，带来更广泛的主体参与、更丰富的内容呈现、更有效 的知识转译以及更精准的科普研究。然而，这类技术也易引发两类潜在的伦理风险：一方面是信息真实性、 公平性、隐私安全性、偏见以及版权等生成式人工智能带来的技术伦理问题；另一方面是传统科普的过度通 俗化、过少科学沟通、科学权威削弱和民粹主义等问题可能被放大。鉴于此，本文认为，未来需要深入挖掘 生成式人工智能在科普实践中的应用潜力，提升公众、科普工作者与监管者的技术认知、应用能力与监管水 平，确保科普内容的准确性、隐私安全性及公平性。

英文摘要:

      By facilitating greater participation，richer content presentation，more efficient knowledge translation，and more focused science outreach，generative AI has the potential to enhance science communication and popularization significantly. This technology also introduces two different kinds of ethical risks. On the one hand，generative AI raises technical，ethical questions about information authenticity，fairness，security，bias，and copyright. On the other hand，problems historically linked to science popularization may get worse，such as oversimplification，a lack of scientific communication， the erosion of scientific authority，and populism. Consequently，it is crucial to investigate the application potential of generative artificial intelligence in science popularization practices going forward，as well as to raise the technical awareness，application capabilities，and supervision level of the general public， science popularization professionals，and regulators. Additionally，it is necessary to guarantee the accuracy，privacy security，and fairness of the content produced for science popularization.