科学资本视角下乡村初中生科学职业理想的现状及提升对策

The Current Status and Strategies for Enhancing the Science Career Aspirations of Rural Junior Middle School Students: From the Perspective of Science Capital

中文关键词: 科学职业理想  乡村科学教育  科学资本

英文关键词: science career aspiration  rural science education  science capital

中文摘要:

      培育具有科学职业理想的青少年是我国当前科学教育的重要任务之一，尤其是乡村初中生的科学职业理想低下的现状受到学者们的广泛关注。科学资本是近十年被开发、应用于弱势学生科学职业理想研究的概念工具，该工具在我国的适用性有待补充更多的本土证据支持。本研究通过对广西2022名乡村学校初中生的问卷调查，利用有序逻辑回归和边际效应分析，探查科学资本不同要素对我国乡村初中生科学职业理想现状的解释力度。研究发现，整体上，科学资本对我国乡村初中生科学职业理想起到显著的正向影响作用，拥有更多科学资本的初中生在科学职业理想上的得分越高；具体维度中，科学文化资本对乡村初中生科学职业理想的影响作用呈现两重性，科学社会资本具有显著的积极影响，科学相关行为与实践维度发挥的影响则不甚显著，甚至个别要素出现负面影响。根据调查结果，研究最终从科学资本的三个维度分别提出提升乡村初中生科学职业理想的针对性对策。

英文摘要:

      Cultivating adolescents with science career aspirations is currently an important task in our country's science education, especially the low status of science career aspirations among rural junior middle school students, which has received widespread attention from scholars. Science capital, a conceptual tool developed and applied to the research on the science career aspirations of disadvantaged students in the past decade, needs more local evidence to support its applicability in our country. This study surveyed 2022 rural junior middle school students in Guangxi through questionnaires, and used ordered logistic regression and marginal effect analysis to investigate the explanatory power of different elements of science capital on the current status of scientific career aspirations among rural junior middle school students. The statistical results indicate that: (1)Science capital has a significant positive impact on the science career aspirations of rural junior middle school students.(2) The influence of science-related cultural capital on the science career aspirations of rural junior middle school students shows duality. (3)Science-related social capital has a significant positive impact. (4)The influence of the dimension of science-related behaviors and practices is less significant, and even some individual elements have a negative impact. Based on the survey results, the study finally proposes targeted strategies to enhance the science career aspirations of rural junior middle school students from three dimensions of science capital.