科技强国背景下中国青年科学素质的现状与提升建议——基于中国公民科学素质抽样调查数据的实证研究

The Current Situation and Suggestions for Improving the ScientificLiteracy of Chinese Youth under the Background of a Scientific andTechnological Powerhouse：An Empirical Study Based on China’sCivic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey Data

中文关键词: 青年 科学素质 科学态度 人工智能

英文关键词: youth  scientific literacy  scientific attitude  artificial intelligence

中文摘要:

      基于中国公民科学素质抽样调查结果，本研究发现我国青年（18~35 岁）科学素质呈现“高水平、 不均衡、矛盾性”三重特征。研究显示：青年具备科学素质的比例明显高于全国平均水平；区域分化突出， 长三角等发达地区明显领先西部地区及农村地区，高学历、知识密集型职业青年成为明显优势群体；科学 兴趣集中于特定领域，并高度依赖数字化媒介和互动场景获取信息；人工智能领域呈现“高活跃度与焦虑 感并存”的特点，反映出数字化转型中的深层矛盾。为推进高水平科技自立自强、进一步建设创新型国家， 本研究提出如下建议：以政策为引领，筑牢青年科学素质提升的基础；构建分层分类的青年科学素质精准 提升体系；构建多元主体协同参与的青年科普生态体系；主动拥抱人工智能，引导青年把握技术红利与伦 理边界。

英文摘要:

      Based on the results of the National Civic Scientific Literacy Sampling Survey，this study reveals that the scientific literacy of Chinese youth（aged 18~35）exhibits three distinct characteristics： high-level，regional imbalance，and cognitive contradictions. The findings indicate that the proportion of youth with qualified scientific literacy significantly surpasses the national average. Notable disparities exist across regions：developed areas such as the Yangtze River Delta outperform western and rural regions. Highly educated and knowledge-intensive vocational youth form a clear advantage group. Scientific interests are predominantly concentrated in specific domains，with a heavy reliance on digital media and interactive scenarios for information acquisition. The field of artificial intelligence presents the characteristics of“high activity coinciding with anxiety coexisting”，reflecting the deep contradictions in digital transformation. To advance high-level technological self-reliance and further foster an innovation-driven nation，this study proposes the following recommendations：Guided by policy frameworks，strengthen the foundation for enhancing youth scientific literacy；Construct a layered and classified system for accurately improving the scientific literacy of young people；Build a youth science popularization ecosystem with collaborative participation of multiple stakeholders；Actively embrace artificial intelligence，with Guiding young people to grasp the technological dividends and ethical boundaries