国际科普发展的前沿动态及对我国科普工作的启示——基于对英国、美国、日本、澳大利亚以及欧盟的分析

The Latest Trends in International Science Popularization and Their Implications for Science Popularization Efforts of China：A Comparative Analysis of the UK，US，Japan，Australia，and the EU

中文关键词: 科普体系 科普理论 科普政策 公众参与 数字科普

英文关键词: science popularization system  science popularization theory  science popularization policy  public engagement  digital science popularization

中文摘要:

      科学素质是国家科技创新和可持续发展的基石，而科普工作的成效直接关乎国家整体科学素质水 平。我国历来重视科普工作，进入 21 世纪以来，一系列重要政策文件颁布和科普工作机制的建立，引领科 普事业长足发展。迈入新时代，科普的内涵、理念、手段等都发生重大转变，科普工作面临诸多挑战，包 括对科普重要性认识不足、高质量科普供给不足、科普社会协同工作体系亟待完善以及科普阵地尚待加强 等。鉴于此，梳理国际科普最新进展及其经验将对我国提升科普成效具有一定借鉴意义。研究以英国、美 国、日本、澳大利亚以及欧盟等科技强国和地区作为研究对象，通过构建“理论—政策—技术—实践—公 众参与”多维分析框架，对这些国家和地区 2017 — 2024 年的科普体系进行了深入探究和比较分析，旨在 把握国际科普发展的前沿动态面貌。研究发现，这些发达国家和地区的科普具有以下显著特点：理论研究 呈现范式变革和主体协同趋势；政策制定注重教育融合与差异化应对；技术维度兼顾开发运用与认知反思； 实践路径侧重多维拓展和持续深化；公众参与力求平等互动和多方联动。基于当前我国科普工作状况，本 研究针对性地提出构建基于多维优化路径的具有自身特色的科普模式。

英文摘要:

      Scientific literacy underpins national technological innovation and sustainable development， with the efficacy of science popularization directly influencing a nation’s overall scientific literacy. China has always attached great importance to the science popularization，and since the beginning of the 21st century，the promulgation of a series of important policies and documents and the establishment of mechanisms for the science popularization have led to the important development of the cause of science popularization. In the new era，the connotation，concept and means of science popularization have undergone significant changes，and science popularization is facing many challenges，including insufficient understanding of the importance of science popularization，insufficient supply of high-quality science popularization，the urgent need to improve the system of collaborative work in the society of science popularization and the need to strengthen the venues for science popularization，etc. In view of this，the latest progress and experience of science popularization in the international arena will be useful for China to enhance the effectiveness of science popularization. This paper takes the United Kingdom， the United States，Japan，Australia and the European Union as the research objects，and conducts in-depth research and comparative analysis on the science popularization systems in these countries and regions from 2017 to 2024 by constructing a multi-dimensional analytical framework of“theory-policy-technology-practice-public participation”，aiming at grasping the cutting-edge dynamics of the development of science popularization in the international arena. It is found that these developed countries and regions have the following distinctive features in the field of science popularization：theoretical inquiry shows a trend of paradigm change and synergy of subjects，policy making focuses on educational integration and differentiated response，technological development and application and cognitive reflection，practical path focuses on multi-dimensional expansion and continuous deepening，and public participation highlights equal interaction and multi-party linkage. Based on the current situation of science popularization in China，this paper proposes that China should build a multi-dimensional optimization path with its own characteristics.