我国全民科学素质行动 20 年：回顾与展望

20 Years of National Scientific Literacy Action in China：Retrospects and Prospects

中文关键词: 全民科学素质行动 《科学素质纲要》 科普 科学素质

英文关键词: National Scientific Literacy Action  Outline of the National Scheme for Scientific Literacy  science popularzation  science lieracy

中文摘要:

      全民科学素质行动立足提升全体公民科学素质水平的核心目标，围绕不同阶段国家重大战略需求，精准实施重点人群提升行动和重点工程。行动实施 20 年以来，我国公民科学素质实现了从较低水平到中等水平的巨大跨越，为迈向创新型国家前列夯实科技人力资源基础。本文通过分析我国全民科学素质行动的演进历程、实践成效与历史经验，并结合新时代的新形势新挑战，提出坚持以人为本精准施策、坚持融入国家发展大局及全面保障科学素质建设的政策供给等公民科学素质建设重点，以期为完善公民科学素质建设的理论框架以及“十五五”时期科学素质建设的系统优化提供参考。

英文摘要:

      The National Scientific Literacy Action focuses on improving the scientific literacy of all citizens. It precisely implements targeted enhancement actions for major population groups and key projects in alignment with major national strategic needs at different stages. Over the 20 years since its implementation，citizens’scientific literacy in China has achieved a significant leap from a relatively low level to a medium level，thereby consolidating the foundation of human resources in science and technology for advancing toward the forefront of innovative countries. This study analyzes the evolution，practical outcomes，and historical experience of this action. Considering the new circumstances and challenges of the new era，it proposes key priorities for promoting citizens’scientific literacy，including adhering to people-centered and targeted measures，consistently integrating into the overall national development landscape，and comprehensively ensuring policy support for scientific literacy construction. Ultimately，this study aims to provide insights for refining the theoretical framework of citizens’scientific literacy construction and for the systematic optimization of scientific literacy construction during the“15th Five-Year Plan”period.