5W传播模式下科学家参与科普：实践、反思与策略

Scientists Engaging in Science Popularization under the 5W Communication Model：Practice，Reflection and Strategy

中文关键词: 科学家 科普 全民科学素质 5W 传播模式

英文关键词: scientists  science popularization  national scientific literacy  5W communication model

中文摘要:

      科普是连接科技创新与社会发展的关键纽带，科学家作为科普源头，其参与质量直接影响全民科学素质的提升。基于 5W 传播模式，本文系统梳理了新时代科学家参与科普的实践现状，并指出当前科学家参与科普虽取得积极进展，但仍面临偏向单向灌输、能力适应性不足及媒介素养欠缺等现实困境。针对上述问题，本文从国家、社会和科学家 3 个层面提出实践策略：国家需完善顶层设计，优化激励机制与基础设施；社会要构建多元协作生态，强化平台赋能与公众参与；科学家应重塑主体责任，提升媒介素养与内容转化能力。

英文摘要:

      Science popularization acts as a vital bond linking scientific and technological innovation with social development. As the source of science popularization，scientists directly determine the improvement of national science literacy through the quality of their participation in outreach activities. Based on 5W communication model，this paper systematically sorts out the current practices of scientists engaging in science popularization in the new era. It finds that while encouraging progress has been made in scientists’participation in science popularization at present，they still confront practical dilemmas including over-reliance on one-way indoctrination，inadequate adaptive capabilities and insufficient media literacy. To address these challenges，this study proposes practical strategies from three dimensions: the state，society，and scientists. The state shall improve top-level design and optimize incentive mechanisms and supporting infrastructure. Society should be established to empower communication platforms and encourage public engagement. Scientists should reshape their principal responsibility and upgrade their media literacy as well as the capacity to transform professional knowledge into accessible popular science content.