争议性科技议题中科普信息如何影响公众风险感知？——基于核能议题的调查实验研究

How Does Science Popularization Information Influence Public Risk Perception in Controversial Science and Technology Issues?：A Survey Experiment Based on the Nuclear Energy Issue

中文关键词: 争议性科技议题 科普 风险感知 核能

英文关键词: controversial science and technology issues  science popularization  risk perception  nuclear energy

中文摘要:

      在争议性科技议题中，科普信息如何影响公众风险感知，是科普实践与风险传播研究共同关注 的重要问题。本研究以核能议题为例，基于扩展平行过程模型（EPPM），采用 2×2×2 三因素被试间调查 实验，考察不确定性信息、风险收益信息与风险应对信息对公众风险感知的影响。研究发现：不确定性信 息显著提升公众威胁感知，而风险—收益信息与风险应对信息的独立效应不显著；不同科普信息策略之间 存在负向交互作用，即不确定性信息与风险—收益信息均会削弱信息对公众风险应对感知的正向作用；系 统信任正向调节应对信息效果。本研究表明，争议性科技议题科普应改变信息越多越好的线性逻辑，转向 精准化的信息组合设计，并将系统信任培育作为提升科普成效的基础条件。本研究在理论上验证并拓展了 EPPM 在争议性科技议题科普中的适用性，细化了该模型的作用机制；在实践上为核能等高风险议题的科普 提供了实证依据。

英文摘要:

      How science popularization information affects public risk perception in controversial science and technology issues is an important concern shared by science popularization practice and risk communication research. Taking nuclear energy as an example，this study draws on the Extended Parallel Process Model（EPPM）and employs a 2×2×2 three-factor between-subjects survey experiment to examine the effects of uncertainty information，risk-benefit information，and risk-coping information on public risk perception. The results show that uncertainty information significantly increases public threat perception，whereas the independent effects of risk-benefit information and risk-coping information are not significant. Negative interactions are observed among different science popularization information strategies：both uncertainty information and risk-benefit information weaken the positive effect of coping information on risk coping perception. System trust positively moderates the effect of coping information. These findings suggest that science popularization on controversial science and technology issues should move beyond the linear assumption that“more information is better”and shift toward more targeted designs of information combinations，while treating the cultivation of system trust as a foundational condition for improving science popularization effectiveness. Theoretically，this study strengthens the applicability of the EPPM to controversial science popularization and further specifies its underlying mechanisms. Practically，it provides empirical evidence for science popularization on high-risk issues such as nuclear energy.