自然类博物馆“十字星”价值体系与科普教育功能管理

“Cross-shaped” Value System for Natural History Museums andScience Popularization Management

中文关键词: 自然类博物馆，价值体系，科普教育，“4P”理论

英文关键词: natural history museums,value system,science popularization,“4P”principle

中文摘要:

      自然类博物馆价值体系可以用一个坐标系似的“十字星”系统来描述。纵轴表示自然类博物馆通过其研究、传承功能实现其在社会发展过程中所体现出的历史意义的价值；横轴表示自然类博物馆通过其展示功能，通过展览宣传教育、社会服务实现其社会影响的价值；“十字星”的纵轴和横轴交叉点即“十字星”价值体系的“元点”，是自然类博物馆实现其价值的基础。引用西方管理学“4P”理论，有助于探讨促进自然类博物馆科普教育功能的发挥。

英文摘要:

      The “Cross-shaped”Value System is hereby formulated to value natural history museums. The“Cross - shaped”value system seems the coordinate system with vertical axis and horizontal axis. The vertical axis，long and narrow，indicates the level of research and education function. The horizontal axis，short and wide，indicates the level of exhibition and service function. The cross point of the coordinate seems a core of critical elements for the museum construction，including essential collections，personnel，fund，and etc. The “Cross- shaped”value system can be used to explain the function of natural history museums under different development stage，and promote the science popularization management on the basis of“4P”principle.